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"Of note is that a later analysis of the data indicated that participants who were equol-positive had significant improvements in plasma lipids; equol is a metabolite of daidzein produced by digestion of bacteria in the gut, and the ability to produce it may be linked to certain health benefits. More research on the potential role of equol in lowering lipid levels are merited (Meyer, 2004). Soy isoflavones decreased lipid levels in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 80 healthy women aged 45 to 55 years. Subjects received isoflavones 100 mg (including genistein 69." - Thomson Healthcare, Inc., PDR for Herbal Medicines, Fourth Edition (Get the book.)

"After adjustment for age at menarche, parity, alcohol intake, and total fat intake, high excretion of both equol (a plant estrogen) and enterolactone was associated with a "substantial reduction in breast cancer risk," noted the researchers. "There is a substantial reduction in breast cancer risk among women with a high intake (as measured by excretion) of phytoestrogens—particularly the isoflavonic phytoestrogen equol and the lignan enterolactone. These findings could be important in the prevention of breast cancer." - Freedom Press, Natural Cancer Cures: The Definitive Guide to Using Dietary Supplements to Fight and Prevent Cancer (Get the book.)

"It is unclear which bacterial strain is involved in equol production [61, 62] and whether the ability to convert daidzein to equol can be induced in nonproducers [63]. V. METHODOLOGY FOR STUDYING INTESTINAL MICROFLORA A. Conventional Methodology and Its Limitations Our present knowledge of intestinal microflora is largely based on classical approaches of cultivation, direct microscopic observation, and biochemical analysis [64]. Results obtained using these conventional methodologies have improved our understanding of the intestinal microflora." - Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey, Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease (Get the book.) "In vitro incubation of human feces with daidzein and antibiotics suggests interindividual differences in the bacteria responsible for equol production. J. Nutr. 134, 596-599. 62. Atkinson, C, Frankenfeld, C. L., and Lampe, J. W. (2005). Gut bacterial metabolism of the soy isoflavone daidzein: Exploring the relevance to human health. Exp. Biol. Med. 230, 155-170. 63. Vedrine, N., Mathey, J., Morand, C, Brandolini, M., Davicco, M.-J., Guy, L., Remesy, C, Coxam, V., Manach, C. (2006). One-month exposure to soy isoflavones did not induce the ability to produce equol in postmenopausal women." - Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey, Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease (Get the book.)

"A recent study demonstrated that plasma levels of equol and enterodiol, two isoflavonoids, were positively associated with a lower cervical dysplasia risk, and in addition found a nonsignificant positive association with enterolactone, a lignan. Consistent with these results, dietary sources of lignans, including garlic, onions, grapefruit, seeds, seaweed, and taro, were positively associated with lowered CIN risk.22 Indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and kale, has the potential to prevent and treat several cancers." - Tori Hudson, N.D., Women's Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine: Alternative Therapies and Integrative Medicine for Total Health and Wellness (Get the book.)

"However, equol appears to be produced to different degrees in different people. Table 2.5 illustrates that individuals can be grouped into high and low equol producers. The high equol producers are likely to experience significantly greater oestrogenic effects from the consumption of soya or red clover. Figure 2.10 Major isoflavones and equol Table 2." - Simon Mills and Kerry Bone, Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: Modern Herbal Medicine (Get the book.)

"These compounds are similar in their chemical structure to estradiol, and to equol, a phytoestrogen metabolite, but they are not actually estrogens. Phytoestrogens are categorized into three main classes: isoflavones, lignans, and coumes-tans. Isoflavones contribute significantly to our dietary phytoestrogen intake. Isoflavones are found in legumes and are highest in soybeans. These isoflavones are associated with the protein part of the soybeans and are not found in soy oils or soy lecithin. One potential dietary influence for a cholesterol-lowering strategy is to consume more soy protein." - Tori Hudson, N.D., Women's Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine: Alternative Therapies and Integrative Medicine for Total Health and Wellness (Get the book.)

"Among the soy plant estrogens (genistein, daidzen and equol) and the lignans from fiber-rich foods like rye and flax (enterodiol, enterolactone and matairesinol), only equol from soy and enterolactone from flax were associated with substantial risk reduction for breast cancer. [Lancet 350: 990-94, 1997] BLACK COHOSH Black cohosh is an herb widely used in Europe and marketed in the United Staes under the brand name Remifemin." - Bill Sardi, You Don't Have to be Afraid of Cancer Anymore (Get the book.)

"There is a substantial reduction in breast cancer risk among women with a high intake (as measured by excretion) of phytoestrogens—particularly the isoflavonic phytoestrogen equol and the lignan enterolactone. These findings could be important in the prevention of breast cancer." - Freedom Press, Natural Cancer Cures: The Definitive Guide to Using Dietary Supplements to Fight and Prevent Cancer (Get the book.)

"One-month exposure to soy isoflavones did not induce the ability to produce equol in postmenopausal women. European J. Clin. Nutr. 60, 1039-1045. 64. O'Sullivan, D. (2000). Methods for analysis of the intestinal microflora. Curr. Issues Intest. Microbiol. 1, 39-50. 65. Franks, A. H., Harmsen, H. J. M., Raangs, G. C, Jansen, G. J., Schut, F., and Welling, G. W. (1998). Variations of bacterial populations in human feces measured by fluorescent in situ hybridization with group-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64, 3336-3345. 66. Wilson, K." - Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey, Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease (Get the book.)

"In lab experiments using LDL isolated from adult blood samples, they found that increasing amounts of three phytoestrogens (genis-tein, daidzein, and equol) inhibited LDL oxidation; this protective effect was even more powerful when ascorbic acid (vitamin C) was present, too. Genis-tein and daidzein are the isoflavones found in soy and soy products. Pairing soy with citrus sounds like a partnership that can't miss." - Elaine Magee, Food Synergy: Unleash Hundreds of Powerful Healing Food Combinations to Fight Disease and Live Well (Get the book.)

"Premenopausal equol excretors show plasma hormone profiles associated with lowered risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 9, 581-586. 58. Setchell, K. D. R., and Cassidy, A. (1999). Dietary isoflavones: Biological effects and relevance to human health. /. Nutr. 129, 758S-767S. 59. Cassidy, A., Brown, J. E., Hawdon, A., Faughnan, M. S., King, L. J., Millward, J., Zimmer-Nechemias, L., Wolfe, B., and Setchell, K. D. R. (2006). Factors affecting the bioavailability of soy isoflavones in humans after ingestion of physiologically relevant levels from different soy foods. J." - Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey, Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease (Get the book.)

"The phytoestrogens in soy are metabolized in the body into equol, an estrogen-like compound. Soy seems to be most effective for women who experience five or more hot flashes a day—it can reduce hot-flash frequency by up to 40%. Some menopausal women who eat soy also notice an improvement in vaginal dryness. •Diabetic renal disease. One of the most serious complications of diabetes is kidney disease, which can lead to kidney failure. Substituting soy for animal protein lowers the glomerular filtration rate, a measure of kidney stress, and may slow kidney damage." - Bottom Line Health, Bottom Line's Health Breakthroughs 2007 (Get the book.)

"Individuals are grouped as either low equol producers (less than 8 umo/ in 3 days) or high equol producers (over 25 umo/ in 3 days) Note: equol is substantially more oestrogenic than daidzein or O-Dma Other studies have found the following. • Soya isoflavones are 85% degraded in the intestine.329 • Differences in faecal flora account for the differing metabolism of soya isoflavones.330 • Faecal flora could completely degrade genistein and daidzein." - Simon Mills and Kerry Bone, Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: Modern Herbal Medicine (Get the book.)

"One phytoestrogen, equol, has a low affinity for estrogen receptors, but is produced in high quantity from diets rich in soy foods (Setchell et al., 1984). equol has a biologic estrogen activity approximately 0.2% that of estradiol. However, by sheer numbers, equol may compete with estrogen receptors, and thus lower the bioavailability of circulating estrogen. Soy products appear to have an estrogenic effect on postmenopausal women, and an antiestrogenic effect on premenopausal women who have relatively high estrogen levels (Messina and Barnes, 1991)." - John Boik, Cancer & Natural Medicine: A Textbook of Basic Science and Clinical Research (Get the book.)

"More research on the potential role of equol in lowering lipid levels are merited (Meyer, 2004). Soy isoflavones decreased lipid levels in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 80 healthy women aged 45 to 55 years. Subjects received isoflavones 100 mg (including genistein 69.9 mg, daidzein 18.6 mg, and glycitein 11.4 mg) (n=40) or placebo (n=40) daily for 5 months. Total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol decreased significantly in the isoflavone group (TC=199; LDL=120) compared to placebo (TC=227; LDL=139) and baseline (TC=226; LDL=134) (p<0.001)." - Thomson Healthcare, Inc., PDR for Herbal Medicines, Fourth Edition (Get the book.)

"Increased excretion of daidzein, equol, and enterolactone was associated with a reduction in the risk for development of breast cancer. The most significant correlation was between the levels of the soy isoflavone, equol, and the risk of breast cancer, with those in the highest quartile of equol excretion exhibiting only one-quarter the risk of those in the lowest quartile - a fourfold reduction in risk. The lignan, enterolactone, and the isoflavone, daidzein, were associated with a threefold reduction in risk. The daidzein results were insignificant, after correcting for confounding variables." - Michael T. Murray, ND, Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 1 (Get the book.)

"Prostate 59: 141-47, 2004] Soy fractions (genistein) and prostate cancer Men, in their own study of soy and prostate cancer, may run across studies that show fractions of soy, such as genistein, equol and daidzein, may be potentially troublesome. For example, genistein has been shown to cause genetic damage to human cells in a lab dish, but not in humans. [American Journal Clinical Nutrition 77: 875-82, 2003] To the contrary, genistein may be very beneficial for prostate cancer patients." - Bill Sardi, You Don't Have to be Afraid of Cancer Anymore (Get the book.) "Soy isoflavones (genistein, daidzen, equol); provides phytoestrogens with small amounts of iron-binding phytic acid and omega-3 oil. Glycine max; many trade names - Soylife Soy phytoestrogens alone, under certain circumstances, may promote growth of tumors. was determined that lignans are mild inhibitors of estrogen production by virtue of their ability to inhibit aromatase, the enzyme responsible for estrogen production." - Bill Sardi, You Don't Have to be Afraid of Cancer Anymore (Get the book.) "SOY PHYTOESTROGENS Phytoestrogens from soy (genistein, equol, daidzein) are widely promoted as cancer fighters. Much more can be said about soy than in this short report. Suffice to say that there is a royal battle going on in scientific circles over the use of soy to combat symptoms of menopause and prevent breast cancer. There is also cause for concern. Soy phytoestrogens may stimulate growth of breast cancer cells under certain circumstances. [Journal Nutrition 133: 1983-86S, 2003] But is this concern pose a real threat?" - Bill Sardi, You Don't Have to be Afraid of Cancer Anymore (Get the book.)

"Individuals are grouped as either low equol producers (less than 8 umo/ in 3 days) or high equol producers (over 25 umo/ in 3 days) Note: equol is substantially more oestrogenic than daidzein or O-Dma Other studies have found the following. • Soya isoflavones are 85% degraded in the intestine.329 • Differences in faecal flora account for the differing metabolism of soya isoflavones.330 • Faecal flora could completely degrade genistein and daidzein." - Simon Mills and Kerry Bone, Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: Modern Herbal Medicine (Get the book.)

"Genis-tein and daidzein, the major isoflavones found largely in legumes and soy products, lead to the production of equol in people and some animals. equol is a weak estrogen possessing about 0.2 percent of the biological activity of estradiol, one of the major estrogens found in the body. Depending upon a person's own estrogen production and the tissue in question, the weak estrogenic effects of isoflavones can either hinder or enhance the action of natural estrogens in the body." - Laurie Deutsch Mozian, M.S., R.D., Foods That Fight Disease: A Simple Guide to Using and Understanding Phytonutrients to Protect and Enhance Your Health (Get the book.) "Isoflavones, which are found largely in legumes and soy products, lead to the production of equol in some humans. equol is a weak estrogen possessing about 0.2 percent of the biological activity of estradiol, one of the major estrogens found in humans. In the fruit world, both cherries and pomegranate seeds contain measurable amounts of phytoestrogen, but far less than the amounts detected in legumes. One researcher measured 1.7 milligrams of the phytoestrogen estrone in 3 ounces of pomegranate seeds. Lignans, which are found in whole-grain products and flaxseed oil, are also phytoestrogens." - Laurie Deutsch Mozian, M.S., R.D., Foods That Fight Disease: A Simple Guide to Using and Understanding Phytonutrients to Protect and Enhance Your Health (Get the book.)

"The most significant correlation was between the levels of the soy isoflavone, equol, and the risk of breast cancer, with those in the highest quartile of equol excretion exhibiting only one-quarter the risk of those in the lowest quartile - a fourfold reduction in risk. The lignan, enterolactone, and the isoflavone, daidzein, were associated with a threefold reduction in risk. The daidzein results were insignificant, after correcting for confounding variables. Similar trends were noted for both pre- and postmenopausal groups." - Michael T. Murray, ND, Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 1 (Get the book.) "Urine was assayed for the isoflavones daidzein, genistein, and equol, and the lignans enterodiol, enterolactone, and matairesinol. Adjustments were made for age at menarche, parity, and alcohol and total fat intake. Increased excretion of daidzein, equol, and enterolactone was associated with a reduction in the risk for development of breast cancer." - Michael T. Murray, ND, Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 1 (Get the book.) "The most significant correlation was between the levels of the soy isoflavone, equol, and the risk of breast cancer, with those in the highest quartile of equol excretion exhibiting only one-quarter the risk of those in the lowest quartile - a fourfold reduction in risk. The lignan, enterolactone, and the isoflavone, daidzein, were associated with a threefold reduction in risk. The daidzein results were insignificant, after correcting for confounding variables. Similar trends were noted for both pre- and postmenopausal groups." - Michael T. Murray, ND, Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 1 (Get the book.)

"Genis-tein and daidzein, the major isoflavones found largely in legumes and soy products, lead to the production of equol in people and some animals. equol is a weak estrogen possessing about 0.2 percent of the biological activity of estradiol, one of the major estrogens found in the body. Depending upon a person's own estrogen production and the tissue in question, the weak estrogenic effects of isoflavones can either hinder or enhance the action of natural estrogens in the body." - Laurie Deutsch Mozian, M.S., R.D., Foods That Fight Disease: A Simple Guide to Using and Understanding Phytonutrients to Protect and Enhance Your Health (Get the book.)

"Germs living in a healthy intestine convert isoflavones and lignans into messenger molecules called equol and enterolactone that modulate hormone chemistry and affect cell division and the growth of blood vessels. The higher your level of equol and enterolactone, the lower is your risk for reproductive cancer. • genistein | daldzein 1,185 | 94 Soy Hot Dog g2 S0V BaC? E3 69 Soy Flat Noodle J| 3/ Soy Mozzarella ^6 Soy Milk m? Soy Cheddar J? Soy Parmesan l15 Isoflavone content of soy foods." - Sidney MacDonald Baker, Karen Baar, The Circadian Prescription: Get in Step with Your Body's Natural Rhythms to Maximize Energy, Vitality, Longevity (Get the book.)

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